GNSS____ resolution may be accomplished by interchanging the antenna and receiver assemblies between two stations.

• A. pseudorange
• B. ambiguity
• C. contiguity
• D. uncertainty

Answer: (B)

Ambiguity resolution in GNSS carrier-phase data is being addressed. The carrier-phase observations include an unknown integer number of cycles, the ambiguities, which must be fixed to achieve precise positioning. Interchanging the antenna and receiver assemblies between two stations acts as a practical check and aid for this process: by swapping hardware you reveal any biases tied to the hardware or antenna phase centers. If the ambiguity-fixed solution remains consistent after the swap, it shows that the ambiguities have been correctly estimated and are not being distorted by hardware effects. This makes the result robust, because the final baseline remains the same regardless of which station’s hardware is used, aside from known instrumental differences. In short, this swap method specifically targets validating and supporting the resolution of carrier-phase ambiguities.